ABSTRACT Introduction: The epidemic of COVID-19 has harmed the study and life of obese college students. While new research has pointed out that sports can improve body posture and alleviate psychological problems related to obesity. Objective: Explore obese college students’ motivation to play sports and the effects of physical training during COVID-19. Methods: 100 obese college students were selected for the aerobic exercise intervention. Functional and biological indicators were analyzed before and after the experiment. Results: Body shape index, body fat content index, and sports quality index showed expressive changes. The average waist circumference decreased from 99.389 cm to 91.233 cm, an average loss of 8 cm; the average body fat was reduced from 34.644 kg to 30.492 kg after training, with an average decrease of 4 kg; vital capacity increased from 4,416.465 ml before training to 4968.085 ml after the intervention, with an average increase of 500 ml. Conclusion: It can be observed that aerobic exercise helps obese college students to improve their sports motivation, with positive impacts on mental health. The encouragement of sports and engagement in physical exercise tend to strengthen healthy habits, ensuring a better quality of life for college students. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

Resumen Introducción: La epidemia de COVID-19 ha tenido un impacto negativo en el estudio y la vida de los universitarios obesos. Nuevas investigaciones han señalado que el deporte puede mejorar la postura corporal y aliviar problemas psicológicos, incluidos los relacionados con la obesidad. Objetivo: Explorar la motivación de los estudiantes universitarios obesos para practicar deporte y los efectos del entrenamiento físico durante el COVID-19. Métodos: Se seleccionaron 100 estudiantes universitarios obesos para una intervención de ejercicio aeróbico. Se analizaron indicadores funcionales y biológicos antes y después del experimento. Resultados: El índice de forma corporal, el índice de contenido de grasa corporal y el índice de calidad deportiva mostraron cambios expresivos. El perímetro medio de la cintura disminuyó de 99,389 cm a 91,233 cm, con una pérdida media de 8 cm; la grasa corporal media se redujo de 34,644 kg a 30,492 kg tras el entrenamiento, con una disminución media de 4 kg; la capacidad vital aumentó de 4.416,465 ml antes del entrenamiento a 4.968,085 ml después de la intervención, con un aumento medio de 500 ml. Conclusión: Se puede observar que el ejercicio aeróbico ayuda a los estudiantes universitarios obesos a mejorar su motivación deportiva, con repercusiones positivas en la salud mental. La estimulación del deporte y el compromiso con el ejercicio físico tienden a reforzar los hábitos saludables garantizando una mejor calidad de vida a los estudiantes universitarios. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

RESUMO Introdução: A epidemia da COVID-19 teve um impacto negativo no estudo e na vida dos estudantes universitários obesos. Novas pesquisas apontaram que o esporte pode melhorar a postura corporal e aliviar problemas psicológicos, incluindo aqueles relacionados à obesidade. Objetivo: Explorar a motivação dos estudantes universitários obesos na prática de esportes e os efeitos do treinamento físico durante a COVID-19. Métodos: 100 estudantes universitários obesos foram selecionados para a intervenção com exercícios aeróbicos. Indicadores funcionais e biológicos foram analisados antes e depois do experimento. Resultados: O índice de forma corporal, índice de conteúdo de gordura corporal e índice de qualidade esportiva apresentaram alterações expressivas. A circunferência média da cintura diminuiu de 99,389 cm para 91,233 cm, com perda média de 8 cm; a gordura corporal média foi reduzida de 34,644 kg para 30,492 kg após o treinamento, com uma diminuição média de 4 kg; a capacidade vital elevou-se de 4.416,465 ml antes do treinamento para 4968,085 ml após a intervenção, com um aumento médio de 500 ml. Conclusão: Pode-se observar que o exercício aeróbico auxilia os estudantes universitários obesos a melhorarem a sua motivação esportiva, com impactos positivos na saúde mental. O estimulo ao esporte e o engajamento pelo exercício físico tendem a fortalecer os hábitos saudáveis garantindo uma melhor qualidade de vida aos universitários. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

ABSTRACT We evaluated the difference between rumen bacteria in Tan sheep fed either by grazing or in a feedlot. The aim was to provide a theoretical basis for ruminant nutrition and meat quality based on rumen fermentation. Twenty-four three-month-old Tan sheep were randomly and equally divided into two groups, the grazing group and ration group. Five sheep of each group were selected for slaughter at six months of age. Ruminal contents were collected and assessed to identify rumen bacteria, based on 16S rDNA sequencing analysis. A total of 17 phyla were identified, among which Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria were dominant in both groups. The abundance of Firmicutes was higher in grazing group than in the ration group, while that of Proteobacteria was opposite. Besides the dominant phyla differences, the abundance of Fibrobacteres, Tenericutes, Elusimicrobia, and Cyanobacteria was significantly higher in the grazing group compared with the ration group. At genus level, a total of 174 genera were identified. The abundance of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Dialister, Lachnospiraceae_NA, Catonella, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20_group, and Fibrobacter in the grazing group was higher than in the ration group. However, the abundance of Succinivibrionaceae_NA was lower in the grazing group, and Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-001 showed a decreasing trend in the grazing group. The two feeding methods may influence the rumen bacterial composition, including the abundance of dominant bacteria, as well as the cellulolytic- and carbohydrate-degrading bacteria in the rumen of Tan sheep.

Spotted leaf mutant belongs to a class of mutants that can produce necrotic lesions spontaneously in plants without any attack by pathogens. These mutants have no beneficial effect on plant productivity but provide a unique opportunity to study programmed cell death in plant defense responses. A novel rice spotted leaf mutant (spl30) was isolated through low-energy heavy ion irradiation. Lesion expression was sensitive to light and humidity. The spl30 mutant caused a decrease in chlorophyll and soluble protein content, with marked accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) around the lesions. In addition, the spl30 mutant significantly enhanced resistance to rice bacterial blight (X. oryzae pv. oryzae) from China (C1-C7). The use of SSR markers showed that the spl30 gene was located between markers XSN2 and XSN4. The genetic distance between the spl30 gene and XSN2 and between spl30 and XSN4 was 1.7 cM and 0.2 cM, respectively. The spl30 gene is a new gene involved in lesion production and may be related to programmed cell death in rice. The ability of this mutant to confer broad resistance to bacterial blight provides a model for studying the interaction between plants and pathogenic bacteria.